There are conditions that flare in cold weather. As winter approaches, it pays to know what can ease the symptoms.
Pain on getting out of bed in the morning, or when picking up a child, isn't necessarily an inevitable consequence of ageing. People often give up activities they love because of pain. In cold weather, that pain, ache or stiffness can be worse. Joints in the extremities don't get as healthy a blood supply in the cold. Pain receptors are more sensitive in low temperatures, and a drop in barometric pressure can cause inflamed tissues to expand and become more painful.
Joints, briefly
Joints form where two bones meet, connected by strong bands called ligaments. Muscles attach to bones by tendons. Healthy joints are surrounded by a capsule, and gaps are filled by fluid-filled sacs called bursae. Within the joint capsule, the bones are lined by smooth cartilage and synovium that protect the joint and reduce friction during movement.
Osteoarthritis vs rheumatoid arthritis
Two main inflammatory conditions tend to flare in cold weather:
- Osteoarthritis (OA) gets worse as the day progresses, and as the joint is used more. Inflammation generally results from cartilage degeneration.
- Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterised by chronic pain and stiffness in the peripheral joints. It is worst in the morning and can last through the night. Pain generally eases with use of the joint.
What helps
Wrap up. Wear extra layers, especially protecting hands and feet with gloves and good socks. Diet matters too, especially around inflammatory foods:
- Reduce fried foods, red meat, saturated fats, soft drinks, fruit juices and sugars
- Increase dark green vegetables, vitamins C and E, raw nuts and seeds, omega-3 rich fish, and soups made from raw ingredients
- Avoid ready-made packaged meals where you can